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Info Byte: What’s the Reason Behind Relay Terminal Numbering?

Info Byte: What’s the Reason Behind Relay Terminal Numbering?

Any industrial electrician can instantly recognize a relay, but when it comes to wiring, why are the terminals numbered in such apparently random order?


Lock-out-tag-out (LOTO) Devices for Industrial Safety

Lock-out-tag-out (LOTO) Devices for Industrial Safety

One of the most visible elements of industrial safety is the use of lock-out-tag-out (LOTO) devices, familiar to those with experience. But, if you are new to the workforce, a brief introduction may be helpful.


Introduction to Industrial Network Gateways

Introduction to Industrial Network Gateways

This article teaches the basics of gateways in industrial networks and PLC-to-PLC communication.


Connecting Multiple PLCs to an HMI

Connecting Multiple PLCs to an HMI

Learn the basics of connecting multiple PLCs to an HMI using various data types.


Process Noise Sources and How to Fix Them

Process Noise Sources and How to Fix Them

Noise signal sources occur primarily from radiofrequency interference (RFI), often in the form of impulse functions or arcing. How do you mitigate process noise from your control system?


A Guide to DIN Connectors for Solenoid Valves

A Guide to DIN Connectors for Solenoid Valves

DIN is a widely-known standard for connectors and enclosures. Let’s break down the most common DIN connectors for solenoid valves and their circuit functions.


Power Requirements for Building Automation Systems

Power Requirements for Building Automation Systems

Building automation systems run commercial offices and factories. These systems have subsystems, broken into even smaller parts. All of these parts need power. This article will review the parts of a building automation system and its power needs.


Types of Motor Starters and Application Considerations

Types of Motor Starters and Application Considerations

Motors drive all sorts of processes in a facility. Depending on the application, which motor starter is best suited for your needs?


What is a Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)?

What is a Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)?

Learn the basics of remote terminal units (RTUs) and how they fit into a SCADA system.


How to Control Robotic Transfer Systems with Laser Distance Sensors

How to Control Robotic Transfer Systems with Laser Distance Sensors

Let’s take a closer look at retrofitting T-cart control with newer technology, such as using laser distance sensors versus limit switches.


Using DC/DC Converters for Industrial Automation

Using DC/DC Converters for Industrial Automation

Learn the basics of DC/DC converters and their uses in industrial automation.


Assessing Buzzwords: X “as a Service” (XaaS)

Assessing Buzzwords: X “as a Service” (XaaS)

XaaS, or the service model, has grown in the last several years. Pop-up terms like “SaaS,” “IaaS,” and “RaaS” are seen throughout the industry. But what do they mean, and do they provide dependable ROI?


Cybersecurity in Centralized Vs. Decentralized Computing

Cybersecurity in Centralized Vs. Decentralized Computing

Centralized and decentralized computing have different cybersecurity needs. Let’s review the differences and some best practices.


The Difference Between Office Networks and Industrial Networks

The Difference Between Office Networks and Industrial Networks

Although there are many similarities, there are also vast differences between office networks and industrial networks. Find out what those differences are in this article.


CSA vs. UL Certifications

CSA vs. UL Certifications

Now that we’ve learned the basics of common certifications like CSA and UL, let’s figure out their similarities and differences.


Advantages and Disadvantages of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS)

Advantages and Disadvantages of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS)

This article describes some of the most relevant advantages and disadvantages of using an automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS).


Types of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS)

Types of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS)

Learn about the different classes of automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS) based on product and motion types.


Top Five Machine Safety Risks and Automated Solutions for the Shop Floor

Top Five Machine Safety Risks and Automated Solutions for the Shop Floor

Each machine on the factory floor comes with risk; learn common safety risks and corresponding automation solutions.


Understanding Mathematical Units for Electric Troubleshooting in Industrial Environments

Understanding Mathematical Units for Electric Troubleshooting in Industrial Environments

A previous article mentions various electrical units used in troubleshooting techniques. This article expands on those and discusses some additional units that engineers may need to know.


Common Mathematical Units for Electrical Troubleshooting and Control Operations

Common Mathematical Units for Electrical Troubleshooting and Control Operations

In industrial control, it is crucial to have a basic understanding of the units that define and describe the ratings of components.