While the term “probability” may evoke images of imprecision, probability is in fact an exact…
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Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
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Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive analysis (Isaac Newton’s 17th-century…
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The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric current will create a magnetic field at…
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By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system, while a load is a device extracting…
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To summarize some of the key points and concepts for teaching: Do not waste class time transmitting facts to…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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In some process applications, it is important that the control valve be able to completely stop fluid flow…
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A unique form of technical diagram for describing the abstract functions comprising a control system (e.g. PID…
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Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in industry are defined by the EIA…
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Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic and control functions, acting as logic…
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An important performance parameter for transmitter instruments is something often referred to as turndown or…
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The following animation shows a rotating phasor in three-dimensional form. The phasor rotates in a complex…
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A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
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Instrument technicians should not have to concern themselves over the programming details internal to digital…
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In addition to Ohm’s Law, we have a set of rules describing how voltages, currents, and resistances…
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Measuring the flow rate of liquid through an open channel is not unlike measuring the flow rate of a liquid…
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