A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly by means of electricity, if those…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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The next level of detail is the Process and Instrument Diagram, or P&ID. Here, we see a “zooming…
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DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down and then up the waveguide of a guided-wave…
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Solids tend to expand when heated. The amount that a solid sample will expand with increased temperature…
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An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To the layperson, this may seem to be a…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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A flow switch is one detecting the flow of some fluid through a pipe. Flow switches often use…
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A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART, an acronym standing for Highway…
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There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
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Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to…
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