Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the reliability (or conversely, the…
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The final element of PID control is the “D” term, which stands for derivative. This is a calculus…
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Most pneumatic instruments use a simple but highly sensitive mechanism for converting mechanical motion into…
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Those familiar with industrial instrumentation will find much within the electric power industry remarkably…
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The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force to operate a valve mechanism. Both…
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The following animation shows how the “rotating” magnetic field of a three-phase AC induction…
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This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
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The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC circuitry. Principally used to…
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In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus scanning service. The purpose of this new…
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Level gauges are perhaps the simplest indicating instrument for liquid level in a vessel. They are often found…
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The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all atoms are electrons, protons, and…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
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Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with a dense nucleus (comprised of protons…
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To summarize some of the key points and concepts for teaching: Do not waste class time transmitting facts to…
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The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial instrumentation systems (as of this…
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