RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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An interesting parallel to the “unity fraction” unit conversion technique is something referred to…
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Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
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In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the reliability (or conversely, the…
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One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are universal. Waves of water in the ocean,…
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The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain the physical world in as few terms as…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
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Human-machine interfaces, or HMIs, are a critical part of nearly all control systems, complementing the…
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As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic systems alike is the solenoid valve. A…
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Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position of a level-sensing float sets the…
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Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in the year…
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Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to ensure the input and output of an…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater treatment facility equipped with a…
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The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. The Law of Energy…
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By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system, while a load is a device extracting…
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