In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus scanning service. The purpose of this new…
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Control strategies such as cascade, ratio, feedforward, and those containing limit and selector functions can…
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To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
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Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
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One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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The dispersion of visible light into its constituent colors goes all the way back to the 17th century with…
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At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to scientific reasoning. There exists no…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in terms of the mass generating a reaction…
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One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
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There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
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Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
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An important type of “accessory” relay, especially for legacy electromechanical protective relays,…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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