Capacitive level instruments measure electrical capacitance of a conductive rod inserted vertically into a…
Textbook
Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
Textbook
A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly by means of electricity, if those…
Textbook
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC) in…
Textbook
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Textbook
“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
Textbook
A 4 to 20 mA current signal represents some signal along a 0 to 100 percent scale. Usually, this scale is…
Textbook
Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
Textbook
Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical means. Particle: a part of an atom,…
Textbook
A limit switch detects the physical motion of an object by direct contact with that object. An example of a…
Textbook
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called exothermic. Conversely, a chemical reaction…
Textbook
In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
Textbook
The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all atoms are electrons, protons, and…
Textbook
Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
Textbook
Suppose we wished to measure the rate of propane gas flow through a hose to a torch: Flowmeters appropriate…
Textbook
This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph, showing the separation of different molecular…
Textbook
Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…
Textbook
Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with a dense nucleus (comprised of protons…
Textbook
Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of industrial vessels, but is attenuated by…
Textbook
A very common method for directly controlling low flow rates of fluids is to use a device known as a metering…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin