The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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When a high-energy photon strikes an atom, it may eject one of the lower-level electrons from its shell,…
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Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in one control system. Such is the case with…
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A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a rotary element into the flow path.…
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Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic instruments is to maintain clean and dry…
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Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to detect liquid level by continuously…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in terms of the mass generating a reaction…
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To better understand the design and operation of self-balancing pneumatic mechanisms, it is helpful to examine…
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Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
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Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as described by the formula \(F = PA\). One…
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As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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Some analyzers measure the composition of a process stream by directly immersing the sensing element in that…
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One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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Valves can experience a number of problems, most of them either preventable or repairable. These problems can…
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Some problem-solving techniques are unique to quantitative problems, involving mathematical calculations. In…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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A proximity switch is one detecting the proximity (closeness) of some object. By definition, these switches…
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Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The following mistakes are not intended to comprise…
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Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent molecules split into positively and…
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Capacitance Any two electrical conductors separated by an insulating medium possess the characteristic called…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause confusion for those first learning their fundamental…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but principles are few. The man who grasps…
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Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as described by the formula \(F = PA\). One…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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A temperature switch is one detecting the temperature of some substance. Temperature switches often use…
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Filled-bulb systems exploit the principle of fluid expansion to measure temperature. If a fluid is enclosed in…
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A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the column owing to the action of gravity on…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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