Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
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Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
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Level gauges are perhaps the simplest indicating instrument for liquid level in a vessel. They are often found…
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Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
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Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and distribution in modern societies.…
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In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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Constructing PID control systems using discrete components is a fairly simple method involving operational…
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A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC voltage signals proportional to the process…
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Light is known to interact with matter in very specific ways, which may be exploited as a means of measuring…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Feedback Control System Components Before we begin our discussion on process control, we must define a few key…
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PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief summary of each term within PID (P. I, and…
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A form of protection against faults on long-distance power lines is called distance relaying, so named because…
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation program illustrating the effectiveness…
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