Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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A temperature switch is one detecting the temperature of some substance. Temperature switches often use…
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The two “process variables” we rely on most heavily in the field of electrical measurement and…
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To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other digital instrument systems, consider a…
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Measuring the flow rate of liquid through an open channel is not unlike measuring the flow rate of a liquid…
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Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…
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A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC voltage signals proportional to the process…
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Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
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The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC circuitry. Principally used to…
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Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
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Learning how to tune PID controllers is a skill born of much practice. Regardless of how thoroughly you may…
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Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate, dependable, repeatable, and surprisingly…
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The digital multimeter (DMM) is quite possibly the most useful tool in the instrument technician’s…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a rotary element into the flow path.…
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It is often useful to express the amplitude of an alternating quantity such as voltage or current in terms…
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Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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