There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
Textbook
Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in industry are defined by the EIA…
Textbook
The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in nature. Microprocessors executing PID…
Textbook
Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
Textbook
RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
Textbook
It is possible to convey electrical power and communicate analog information over the same two wires using 4…
Textbook
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
Textbook
Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
Textbook
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
Textbook
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC) in…
Textbook
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed to behave as electrical loads rather…
Textbook
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While communication by light through open air is…
Textbook
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
Textbook
Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than special-purpose, industrial computers. As…
Textbook
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
Textbook
pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid solution. It is one of the most common forms of…
Textbook
Layer 1 of the OSI Reference Model is where we define the “physical” elements of a digital data…
Textbook
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
Textbook
Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control. Increased productivity, decreased equipment…
Textbook
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and commissioning than their analog…
Textbook
A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic systems alike is the solenoid valve. A…
Textbook
Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise positioning of a control valve, there…
Textbook
The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and digital) come equipped with a feature known…
Textbook
A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
Textbook
To show a practical process example, let’s examine three diagrams for a compressor control system,…
Textbook
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
Textbook
“Feedforward” is a rather under-used control strategy capable of managing a great many types of…
Textbook
A proximity switch is one detecting the proximity (closeness) of some object. By definition, these switches…
Textbook
Temperature measurement devices may be classified into two broad types: contact and non-contact. Contact-type…
Textbook
An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it will “fail” to if it loses…
Textbook
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC) in…
Textbook
Solids tend to expand when heated. The amount that a solid sample will expand with increased temperature…
Textbook
The next level of detail is the Process and Instrument Diagram, or P&ID. Here, we see a “zooming…
Textbook
RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
Textbook
There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
Textbook
PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief summary of each term within PID (P. I, and…
Textbook
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
Lipták, Béla G. et al., Instrument Engineers’ Handbook – Process Measurement and Analysis Volume I,…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin