Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in terms of the mass generating a reaction…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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In some process applications, it is important that the control valve be able to completely stop fluid flow…
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Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry, a mechanic asked me what it was that I…
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Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position of a level-sensing float directly sets…
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Valves can experience a number of problems, most of them either preventable or repairable. These problems can…
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The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to have an accurate mental picture of the…
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The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to anyone familiar with both pneumatic and…
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The advent of “smart” field instruments containing microprocessors has been a great advance for…
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There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
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What is Calibration? To calibrate an instrument means to check and adjust (if necessary) its response so the…
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Suppose we wished to measure the rate of propane gas flow through a hose to a torch: Flowmeters appropriate…
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Visualizing the actions of P, I, and D tuning parameters using graphs is extremely useful in predicting the…
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Those familiar with industrial instrumentation will find much within the electric power industry remarkably…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
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Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise positioning of a control valve, there…
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Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
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