Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive analysis (Isaac Newton’s 17th-century…
Textbook
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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A fundamental limitation of proportional control has to do with its response to changes in setpoint and…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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A fundamental principle in instrumentation system troubleshooting is that every instrument has at least one…
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A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
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Constructing PID control systems using discrete components is a fairly simple method involving operational…
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The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric current will create a magnetic field at…
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An important type of “accessory” relay, especially for legacy electromechanical protective relays,…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
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Recall that an exothermic chemical reaction is one that releases a net sum of energy, as opposed to an…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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An electric motor is often used as a discrete control element in a control system if driving a pump, conveyor…
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A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic systems alike is the solenoid valve. A…
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DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
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All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in terms of the mass generating a reaction…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any physical system – electrical…
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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with the ability…
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