A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to scientific reasoning. There exists no…
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A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves its own section in this flow…
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The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater treatment facility equipped with a…
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The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of interpreting fluid flow based on the…
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Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
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The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. The Law of Energy…
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Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
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Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic and control functions, acting as logic…
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The two “process variables” we rely on most heavily in the field of electrical measurement and…
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Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To the layperson, this may seem to be a…
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One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
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A level switch is one detecting the level of liquid or solid (granules or powder) in a vessel. Level switches…
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As we have seen, feedforward control is a way to improve the stability of a feedback control system in the…
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An important performance parameter for transmitter instruments is something often referred to as turndown or…
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The advent of “smart” field instruments containing microprocessors has been a great advance for…
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Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet) for the compressor surge control system…
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In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is Ladder Diagram (LD), also known as…
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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with the ability…
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An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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