Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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Electrical Resistance Resistance (\(R\)) is the dissipative opposition to an electric current, analogous to…
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This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph, showing the separation of different molecular…
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A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as described by the formula \(F = PA\). One…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an “unswitched” or…
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An important legacy technology for all kinds of continuous measurement is the self-balancing system. A…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do more than just implement the PID…
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To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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To show a practical process example, let’s examine three diagrams for a compressor control system,…
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Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types: displacement, velocity, and acceleration.…
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Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with interfering gases is called positive filtering in…
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An variable-area flowmeter is one where the fluid must pass through a restriction whose area increases with…
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Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
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Instrument technicians should not have to concern themselves over the programming details internal to digital…
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