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The digital multimeter (DMM) is quite possibly the most useful tool in the instrument technician’s…
Textbook
Most pneumatic instruments use a simple but highly sensitive mechanism for converting mechanical motion into…
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The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of interpreting fluid flow based on the…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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Valves can experience a number of problems, most of them either preventable or repairable. These problems can…
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Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of process fluid flow rate over a wide…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
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RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate, dependable, repeatable, and surprisingly…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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A very simple device used to measure pressure is the manometer: a fluid-filled tube where an applied gas…
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To better understand the design and operation of self-balancing pneumatic mechanisms, it is helpful to examine…
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DC electric motors generate torque by a reaction between two magnetic fields: one field established by…
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This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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