Capacitive level instruments measure electrical capacitance of a conductive rod inserted vertically into a…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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A level switch is one detecting the level of liquid or solid (granules or powder) in a vessel. Level switches…
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A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART, an acronym standing for Highway…
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Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits. This means most power lines (transmission…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle detector coupled to a feedback bellows, while…
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Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To the layperson, this may seem to be a…
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The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain the physical world in as few terms as…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry, a mechanic asked me what it was that I…
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Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and distribution in modern societies.…
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The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to represent the output of a process controller,…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all atoms are electrons, protons, and…
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Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of process fluid flow rate over a wide…
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