Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all atoms are electrons, protons, and…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
Several different technologies exist for the conversion of fluid pressure into an electrical signal response.…
Textbook
Learning is not merely a process of information transfer. It is first and foremost a transformation of…
Textbook
Perhaps the simplest form of solid or liquid level measurement is with a float: a device that rides on the…
Textbook
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of industrial vessels, but is attenuated by…
Textbook
pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid solution. It is one of the most common forms of…
Textbook
The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC circuitry. Principally used to…
Textbook
Much of our knowledge about atomic structure comes from experimental data relating the interaction between…
Textbook
Most of these formulae appear in molecular chemical form rather than structural form. For example, ethanol…
Textbook
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed to behave as electrical loads rather…
Textbook
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors (displacement or acceleration) and monitoring…
Textbook
A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves its own section in this flow…
Textbook
The next level of detail is the Process and Instrument Diagram, or P&ID. Here, we see a “zooming…
Textbook
A fundamental principle in instrumentation system troubleshooting is that every instrument has at least one…
Textbook
The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. The Law of Energy…
Textbook
Textbook
Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position of a level-sensing float sets the…
Textbook
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
Textbook
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve be able to completely stop fluid flow…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin