Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits. This means most power lines (transmission…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical means. Particle: a part of an atom,…
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Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To the layperson, this may seem to be a…
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The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force to operate a valve mechanism. Both…
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A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the column owing to the action of gravity on…
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As we have seen, the concept of differentiation is finding the rate-of-change of one variable compared to…
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A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
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Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
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A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any physical system – electrical…
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A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the given problem into a simpler form that is…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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Some analyzers measure the composition of a process stream by directly immersing the sensing element in that…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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Several different technologies exist for the conversion of fluid pressure into an electrical signal response.…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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Disconnect Switches Disconnects are switches designed to isolate sections of a power system in case of damage…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good reason. The traditional approach to…
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