An electric motor is often used as a discrete control element in a control system if driving a pump, conveyor…
Textbook
Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
Textbook
The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial instrumentation systems (as of this…
Textbook
Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
Textbook
The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to have an accurate mental picture of the…
Textbook
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
An electromechanical relay is an electrical switch actuated by an electromagnet coil. As switching devices,…
Textbook
The concepts of calibration (trimming) and ranging are often difficult for new students of instrumentation to…
Textbook
Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
Textbook
Mechanical pressure-sensing elements include the bellows, the diaphragm, and the bourdon tube. Each of these…
Textbook
Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits. This means most power lines (transmission…
Textbook
Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
Textbook
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
Textbook
Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
Textbook
A unique form of technical diagram for describing the abstract functions comprising a control system (e.g. PID…
Textbook
The advent of “smart” field instruments containing microprocessors has been a great advance for…
Textbook
Learning how to tune PID controllers is a skill born of much practice. Regardless of how thoroughly you may…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin