“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
Textbook
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Textbook
Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
Textbook
When control valves operate between fully open and fully shut, they serve much the same purpose in process…
Textbook
Stoichiometry is the accounting of atoms before and after a chemical reaction. It is an expression of the Law…
Textbook
“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
Textbook
Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types: displacement, velocity, and acceleration.…
Textbook
PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief summary of each term within PID (P. I, and…
Textbook
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
Textbook
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called exothermic. Conversely, a chemical reaction…
Textbook
Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
Textbook
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
Textbook
The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial instrumentation systems (as of this…
Textbook
A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
Textbook
Classical mechanics (often called Newtonian mechanics in honor of Isaac Newton) deal with forces and motions…
Textbook
The dispersion of visible light into its constituent colors goes all the way back to the 17th century with…
Textbook
Solids tend to expand when heated. The amount that a solid sample will expand with increased temperature…
Textbook
This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph, showing the separation of different molecular…
Textbook
An variable-area flowmeter is one where the fluid must pass through a restriction whose area increases with…
Textbook
Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
Textbook
Human-machine interfaces, or HMIs, are a critical part of nearly all control systems, complementing the…
Textbook
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
Textbook
In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
Textbook
A proximity switch is one detecting the proximity (closeness) of some object. By definition, these switches…
Textbook
Self-balancing pneumatic instrument mechanisms are very similar to negative-feedback operational amplifier…
Textbook
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive analysis (Isaac Newton’s 17th-century…
Textbook
Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in one control system. Such is the case with…
Textbook
One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
Textbook
Perhaps the most valuable skill an instrument technician can possess is the ability to efficiently diagnose…
Textbook
Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
Textbook
In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the reliability (or conversely, the…
Textbook
AC induction motors are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic field produced by a set of stationary…
Textbook
Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
Textbook
A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC voltage signals proportional to the process…
Textbook
Learning from reading printed text is a kind of problem-solving activity it is own right. The problem is how…
Textbook
Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
Textbook
Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
Textbook
Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry, a mechanic asked me what it was that I…
Textbook
To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin