RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force to operate a valve mechanism. Both…
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Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical means. Particle: a part of an atom,…
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In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is Ladder Diagram (LD), also known as…
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Hydrogen ion activity in aqueous (water-solvent) solutions is a very important parameter for a wide variety of…
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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Shown here is a partial listing of principles applied in the subject matter of this chapter, given for the…
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Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern: Fieldbus is a powerful and reliable…
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Mechanical pressure-sensing elements include the bellows, the diaphragm, and the bourdon tube. Each of these…
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A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors (displacement or acceleration) and monitoring…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and commissioning than their analog…
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Coy, John J. et. al. (December 2012) Sampled graphic illustrations from his NASA Reference Publication…
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A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the given problem into a simpler form that is…
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Weight-based level instruments sense process level in a vessel by directly measuring the weight of the vessel.…
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Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive analysis (Isaac Newton’s 17th-century…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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Solids tend to expand when heated. The amount that a solid sample will expand with increased temperature…
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A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
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Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic instruments is to maintain clean and dry…
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