RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
Textbook
RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
Textbook
Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the definition of a sensor’s normal status.…
Textbook
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in one control system. Such is the case with…
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Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The following mistakes are not intended to comprise…
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Control strategies such as cascade, ratio, feedforward, and those containing limit and selector functions can…
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RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
Textbook
Weight-based level instruments sense process level in a vessel by directly measuring the weight of the vessel.…
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Instrument technicians should not have to concern themselves over the programming details internal to digital…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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As we have seen, feedforward control is a way to improve the stability of a feedback control system in the…
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“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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To summarize some of the key points and concepts for teaching: Do not waste class time transmitting facts to…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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Temperature measurement devices may be classified into two broad types: contact and non-contact. Contact-type…
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The term “grid” refers to the conductors and equipment interconnecting power sources to power…
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This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
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A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass a fixed volume of fluid through with…
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As we have seen, the concept of differentiation is finding the rate-of-change of one variable compared to…
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