This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
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A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch actuated by a person’s hand motion.…
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As we have seen, feedforward control is a way to improve the stability of a feedback control system in the…
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In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation program illustrating the effectiveness…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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A temperature switch is one detecting the temperature of some substance. Temperature switches often use…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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While 50 and 51 (instantaneous and time overcurrent) relay functions monitor line current magnitude and guard…
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While the term “probability” may evoke images of imprecision, probability is in fact an exact…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to detect liquid level by continuously…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
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Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and distribution in modern societies.…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
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It is possible to convey electrical power and communicate analog information over the same two wires using 4…
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“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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