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When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I understood about good teaching was actually…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have standardized a set of numerical codes referring to…
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The following animation shows the calculus concepts of differentiation and integration (with respect to time)…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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An electromechanical relay is an electrical switch actuated by an electromagnet coil. As switching devices,…
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Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of industrial vessels, but is attenuated by…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in nature. Microprocessors executing PID…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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For better or worse, there are no fewer than three different forms of PID equations implemented in modern PID…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and analyzing the physical world as calculus:…
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Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic instruments is to maintain clean and dry…
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Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry, a mechanic asked me what it was that I…
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A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC voltage signals proportional to the process…
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As we have seen, feedforward control is a way to improve the stability of a feedback control system in the…
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