Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with a dense nucleus (comprised of protons…
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Recall that an exothermic chemical reaction is one that releases a net sum of energy, as opposed to an…
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Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types: displacement, velocity, and acceleration.…
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The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and digital) come equipped with a feature known…
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A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an “unswitched” or…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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An important legacy technology for all kinds of continuous measurement is the self-balancing system. A…
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Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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As described earlier in this chapter, calibration refers to the adjustment of an instrument so its output…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Perhaps the most valuable skill an instrument technician can possess is the ability to efficiently diagnose…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
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In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical values for P, I, and D controller…
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The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater treatment facility equipped with a…
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