A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
Textbook
An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
Textbook
The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
Textbook
The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
Textbook
One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
Textbook
When a high-energy photon strikes an atom, it may eject one of the lower-level electrons from its shell,…
Textbook
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
Textbook
Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of adjusting water temperature using two hand…
Textbook
Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
Textbook
A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to measure some quantity. Perhaps the simplest…
Textbook
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve be able to completely stop fluid flow…
Textbook
Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise positioning of a control valve, there…
Textbook
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
Textbook
A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the column owing to the action of gravity on…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
Textbook
This section shows some of the many instrument symbols found in different types of technical diagrams used to…
Textbook
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as described by the formula \(F = PA\). One…
Textbook
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
Textbook
The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force to operate a valve mechanism. Both…
Textbook
A limitation inherent to pneumatic valve actuators is the amount of air flow required to or from the actuator…
Textbook
There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
Textbook
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
Textbook
PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief summary of each term within PID (P. I, and…
Textbook
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Textbook
Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
Textbook
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
Textbook
Circuit breakers used in residential, commercial, and light industrial service are self-tripping devices: they…
Textbook
Filled-bulb systems exploit the principle of fluid expansion to measure temperature. If a fluid is enclosed in…
Textbook
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
Textbook
An interesting parallel to the “unity fraction” unit conversion technique is something referred to…
Textbook
So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
Textbook
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
Textbook
Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent molecules split into positively and…
Textbook
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
Textbook
By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system, while a load is a device extracting…
Textbook
An important legacy technology for all kinds of continuous measurement is the self-balancing system. A…
Textbook
Perhaps the simplest form of solid or liquid level measurement is with a float: a device that rides on the…
Textbook
Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to ensure the input and output of an…
Textbook
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic instruments is to maintain clean and dry…
Textbook
As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
Textbook
Shown here is a partial listing of principles applied in the subject matter of this chapter, given for the…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin