Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed to behave as electrical loads rather…
Textbook
Weight-based level instruments sense process level in a vessel by directly measuring the weight of the vessel.…
Textbook
pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid solution. It is one of the most common forms of…
Textbook
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with interfering gases is called positive filtering in…
Textbook
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
Textbook
A pneumatic controller receives a process variable (PV) signal as a variable air pressure, compares that…
Textbook
Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle detector coupled to a feedback bellows, while…
Textbook
A 4 to 20 mA current signal represents some signal along a 0 to 100 percent scale. Usually, this scale is…
Textbook
A form of protection against faults on long-distance power lines is called distance relaying, so named because…
Textbook
This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
Textbook
Feedback Control System Components Before we begin our discussion on process control, we must define a few key…
Textbook
Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an “unswitched” or…
Textbook
Capacitance Any two electrical conductors separated by an insulating medium possess the characteristic called…
Textbook
When control valves operate between fully open and fully shut, they serve much the same purpose in process…
Textbook
Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of adjusting water temperature using two hand…
Textbook
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
Textbook
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to translate some form of energy into useful…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
Textbook
A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin