A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
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Capacitance Any two electrical conductors separated by an insulating medium possess the characteristic called…
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Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of adjusting water temperature using two hand…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to anyone familiar with both pneumatic and…
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Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good reason. The traditional approach to…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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A 4 to 20 mA current signal represents some signal along a 0 to 100 percent scale. Usually, this scale is…
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the given problem into a simpler form that is…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to the size of a three-dimensional space. To…
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A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors (displacement or acceleration) and monitoring…
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Learning how to tune PID controllers is a skill born of much practice. Regardless of how thoroughly you may…
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The term “grid” refers to the conductors and equipment interconnecting power sources to power…
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DC electric motors generate torque by a reaction between two magnetic fields: one field established by…
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