Shown here is a partial listing of principles applied in the subject matter of this chapter, given for the…
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DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process measurement information from transmitters…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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The following animation shows the calculus concepts of differentiation and integration (with respect to time)…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC circuitry. Principally used to…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I understood about good teaching was actually…
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A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called exothermic. Conversely, a chemical reaction…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in the year…
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As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
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Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
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One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
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Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
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The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to have an accurate mental picture of the…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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